[
  {
    "start": 0.38,
    "end": 1.72,
    "text": ""
  },
  {
    "start": 10.94,
    "end": 17.419,
    "text": "It's a difficult balance between supporting each other and realizing that you may be competing for the same position, unfortunately."
  },
  {
    "start": 19.36,
    "end": 28.16,
    "text": "In school we learned that if you have solid liquid and gas actually there are many more states And I was just completely confused."
  },
  {
    "start": 28.24,
    "end": 33.22,
    "text": "I had to write one of my research facilitators here at the university and ask, what does this mean?"
  },
  {
    "start": 33.48,
    "end": 35.14,
    "text": "Then she wrote back you got a grant!"
  },
  {
    "start": 44.78,
    "end": 44.78,
    "text": "I"
  },
  {
    "start": 56.18,
    "end": 62.98,
    "text": "like to describe it as a bit like Sherlock Holmes, an investigator."
  },
  {
    "start": 64.64,
    "end": 70.7,
    "text": "You see a murder case and you try to figure out what happened based on the evidence."
  },
  {
    "start": 71.42,
    "end": 87.5,
    "text": "Luckily nobody gets murdered or hurt in our job but we often end up with some experiments result And just like Sherlock Holmes looks at the scene of the crime and tries to figure out what happened."
  },
  {
    "start": 87.539,
    "end": 91.08,
    "text": "from there, we investigate... ...the sample."
  },
  {
    "start": 91.399,
    "end": 94.08,
    "text": "The context of what happened."
  },
  {
    "start": 94.46,
    "end": 97.6,
    "text": "We try to reconstruct what happened."
  },
  {
    "start": 97.8,
    "end": 98.32,
    "text": "Are you also"
  },
  {
    "start": 98.42,
    "end": 99.58,
    "text": "a fan of Sherlock Holmes?"
  },
  {
    "start": 100.119,
    "end": 100.259,
    "text": "Yeah!"
  },
  {
    "start": 100.679,
    "end": 101.58,
    "text": "Yeah, I like it."
  },
  {
    "start": 101.78,
    "end": 101.899,
    "text": "Have"
  },
  {
    "start": 101.96,
    "end": 105.7,
    "text": "you read some of the books or are you rather a movie guy?"
  },
  {
    "start": 105.82,
    "end": 106.039,
    "text": "I've"
  },
  {
    "start": 106.7,
    "end": 114.14,
    "text": "read a book when i went to school that's a long time ago and otherwise I have seen more movies in my TV series."
  },
  {
    "start": 132.68,
    "end": 144.34,
    "text": "Liquid crystals, when they were discovered and that was in eighteen eighty eight very easy year to remember Were Very controversial for exactly this reason."
  },
  {
    "start": 144.84,
    "end": 148.64,
    "text": "it seemed to Defy all intuition."
  },
  {
    "start": 148.8,
    "end": 151.42,
    "text": "but how can a liquid be ordered?"
  },
  {
    "start": 151.52,
    "end": 153.38,
    "text": "because that's like effectively what the what?"
  },
  {
    "start": 153.44,
    "end": 154.08,
    "text": "This is about."
  },
  {
    "start": 154.92,
    "end": 159.52,
    "text": "so In school we learned that you have solid, liquid and gas."
  },
  {
    "start": 160.66,
    "end": 168.3,
    "text": "Actually there are many more states And even within each category at least in the categories of solids we have many different types of solids."
  },
  {
    "start": 170.48,
    "end": 190.06,
    "text": "Liquid crystals are liquids In a sense that they flow They take shape out their container But then long range order which means the molecules or particles that make up these liquids, they align over long distances."
  },
  {
    "start": 190.8,
    "end": 197.32,
    "text": "They orient themselves a little bit like you know."
  },
  {
    "start": 197.42,
    "end": 199.44,
    "text": "school of fish for instance right?"
  },
  {
    "start": 199.78,
    "end": 214.46,
    "text": "They all swim in the same direction right every fish is not randomly oriented...they're all oriented in the And the school of fish as a liquid, and this moves."
  },
  {
    "start": 214.66,
    "end": 218.26,
    "text": "This flows but all the fish are oriented in the same direction."
  },
  {
    "start": 219.14,
    "end": 227.74,
    "text": "That's kind of the distinguishing feature... ...of a liquid crystal that you have this liquid behavior But at the same time you have order."
  },
  {
    "start": 234.8,
    "end": 234.98,
    "text": "Well,"
  },
  {
    "start": 246.34,
    "end": 248.1,
    "text": "you can find it in yourself first of all."
  },
  {
    "start": 248.98,
    "end": 256.519,
    "text": "So as I said when the discovery was very controversial but with time we realized that liquid crystal states are actually extremely common."
  },
  {
    "start": 257.32,
    "end": 270.02,
    "text": "every cell membrane is an illiquid crystal state so a cell membrane needs to be a barrier between the inside of us, or the cell and the exterior of the cell."
  },
  {
    "start": 270.62,
    "end": 277.219,
    "text": "At the same time it should not be very solid because if its too solid then you have no flexibility."
  },
  {
    "start": 278.18,
    "end": 280.799,
    "text": "And the ideal state is liquid crystal state."
  },
  {
    "start": 281.52,
    "end": 285.64,
    "text": "The term is called a Liotropic lamellar phase."
  },
  {
    "start": 286.38,
    "end": 290.94,
    "text": "Doesn't really matter at point that molecules make up this cell membrane."
  },
  {
    "start": 290.979,
    "end": 292.159,
    "text": "there are fat molecules."
  },
  {
    "start": 292.7,
    "end": 296.24,
    "text": "they organize in actually a double layer."
  },
  {
    "start": 297.2,
    "end": 308.56,
    "text": "A little bit like people standing on this table, then every person standing up is one lipid molecule and you have another lipid molecules upside down below the table."
  },
  {
    "start": 309.26,
    "end": 310.78,
    "text": "That double layer."
  },
  {
    "start": 311.38,
    "end": 313.859,
    "text": "that's what forms the cell membrane."
  },
  {
    "start": 314.599,
    "end": 326.919,
    "text": "And because it has this ordered structure It functions as barrier whatever is inside away from what's outside, but because it also a liquid."
  },
  {
    "start": 327.34,
    "end": 334.14,
    "text": "It is flexible enough for cells to move and divide all the things that are going on"
  },
  {
    "start": 334.219,
    "end": 334.26,
    "text": "in"
  },
  {
    "start": 334.34,
    "end": 336.38,
    "text": "life.\"."
  },
  {
    "start": 340.539,
    "end": 340.64,
    "text": "Yeah,"
  },
  {
    "start": 351.32,
    "end": 357.78,
    "text": "no it's not controversial anymore that liquid crystals exist but It was controversial for several reasons."
  },
  {
    "start": 357.84,
    "end": 361.88,
    "text": "first of all At the time nobody thought a liquid could be ordered."
  },
  {
    "start": 362.7,
    "end": 365.2,
    "text": "Second there is something we also work with."
  },
  {
    "start": 365.26,
    "end": 370.58,
    "text": "That is called colloids and colloides are our heterogeneous liquids."
  },
  {
    "start": 370.979,
    "end": 373.38,
    "text": "milk Is the classic example over colloid?"
  },
  {
    "start": 374.46,
    "end": 377.94,
    "text": "So you have little oil droplets in water And that makes milk."
  },
  {
    "start": 379.099,
    "end": 386.96,
    "text": "This is a not homogeneous liquid, and the fact that it's not homogeneous gives this peculiar appearance."
  },
  {
    "start": 387.02,
    "end": 389.52,
    "text": "So milk is white but why is milk white?"
  },
  {
    "start": 390.24,
    "end": 396.539,
    "text": "Because you have this heterogeneous character because neither the oil nor water are both transparent."
  },
  {
    "start": 397.32,
    "end": 399.46,
    "text": "Oil may be little bit yellowish but there isn't anything white."
  },
  {
    "start": 399.5,
    "end": 402.94,
    "text": "You only get it when you get this heterogenous mixture."
  },
  {
    "start": 403.76,
    "end": 410.5,
    "text": "And so many people who are negative or challenging this, they thought oh!"
  },
  {
    "start": 410.82,
    "end": 412.38,
    "text": "This is not something real."
  },
  {
    "start": 412.46,
    "end": 414.28,
    "text": "It's a new phase it just another colloid."
  },
  {
    "start": 415.14,
    "end": 438.88,
    "text": "So that was one of the reasons... ...that this kind of time where colloids were very hot and everyone thought okay.. ..this is just mistake but with time people really realized.... One way you can prove that this is an ordered state, it's optically because its order."
  },
  {
    "start": 439.06,
    "end": 445.46,
    "text": "It has certain optical properties That you cannot get in an isotropic liquid."
  },
  {
    "start": 445.88,
    "end": 449.26,
    "text": "This is isotropic as a regular liquid behavior."
  },
  {
    "start": 449.52,
    "end": 461.299,
    "text": "disorder behaves the same in all directions and Those optical properties are actually the reasons we use liquid crystals in displays."
  },
  {
    "start": 461.62,
    "end": 468.24,
    "text": "So I mentioned that you're made of liquid crystals, but also have liquid crystals on your laptop display for instance."
  },
  {
    "start": 468.479,
    "end": 474.02,
    "text": "That's the most famous application of liquid crystal if you think about technological applications."
  },
  {
    "start": 483.859,
    "end": 489.12,
    "text": "So the muscles we work with don't need any training instead."
  },
  {
    "start": 489.24,
    "end": 493.78,
    "text": "We need to make them in The right way from the beginning."
  },
  {
    "start": 496.039,
    "end": 503.219,
    "text": "Our muscles are essentially rubber bands But the big difference is that you don't have to stretch the rubber band."
  },
  {
    "start": 503.38,
    "end": 506.88,
    "text": "so a regular rubber band Has a relaxed state."
  },
  {
    "start": 507.38,
    "end": 512.6,
    "text": "one relax date and you stretch it And when you release, it comes back very rapidly."
  },
  {
    "start": 514.179,
    "end": 522.0,
    "text": "So if you want to use a rubber band as motor, You can stretch it and then perform its action once."
  },
  {
    "start": 523.319,
    "end": 526.54,
    "text": "That's the normal way of rubber bands."
  },
  {
    "start": 527.96,
    "end": 532.54,
    "text": "With liquid crystal rubbers that we work with they actually have two ground states."
  },
  {
    "start": 533.86,
    "end": 535.14,
    "text": "That depends on the temperature."
  },
  {
    "start": 535.98,
    "end": 544.74,
    "text": "So you have a high-temperature state, and maybe that's like the relaxed rubber band... ...and then you've got low temperatures state which is the extended rubber band."
  },
  {
    "start": 547.22,
    "end": 559.12,
    "text": "The way we make these materials are to connect molecules into individual molecules."
  },
  {
    "start": 559.199,
    "end": 561.62,
    "text": "They can be quite long but they're individual after all."
  },
  {
    "start": 562.56,
    "end": 567.42,
    "text": "And then we make sure that they form this liquid crystal phase, which means there are long-range ordered."
  },
  {
    "start": 567.68,
    "end": 577.9,
    "text": "Then we also make sure the orientation is uniform over a large distance and connect them into a network – actually what you do with regular rubber as well."
  },
  {
    "start": 578.64,
    "end": 580.56,
    "text": "Rubber ballon or rubber band."
  },
  {
    "start": 580.62,
    "end": 586.96,
    "text": "it's also in networks of molecules but those cases have completely disordered in the ground state."
  },
  {
    "start": 587.439,
    "end": 589.24,
    "text": "In our case they start out ordered."
  },
  {
    "start": 591.14,
    "end": 594.579,
    "text": "It's only by heating that they go into the disordered state."
  },
  {
    "start": 595.4,
    "end": 617.86,
    "text": "So, you can see it like... The way we prepare them in the ordered states is preparing them to stretch a rubber band and then because it goes through phase transition from this liquid crystal order state into regular isotropic liquid state Then molecules want to be disordersed which is releasing their rubber bands."
  },
  {
    "start": 619.64,
    "end": 620.74,
    "text": "But it's reversible."
  },
  {
    "start": 620.819,
    "end": 628.46,
    "text": "So if we cool back down, the molecules will again want to order and they have to adapt this extended state and stretch."
  },
  {
    "start": 628.9,
    "end": 631.079,
    "text": "And why do you need that?"
  },
  {
    "start": 633.46,
    "end": 634.04,
    "text": "Do we need it?"
  },
  {
    "start": 634.14,
    "end": 639.84,
    "text": "well... You can do some pretty cool things with it because It is thermally activated!"
  },
  {
    "start": 643.34,
    "end": 644.26,
    "text": "in interesting ways."
  },
  {
    "start": 644.819,
    "end": 653.98,
    "text": "So one thing we are exploring this project is to make a heat engine that uses waste heat, so industrial waste heat."
  },
  {
    "start": 655.98,
    "end": 672.66,
    "text": "Waste heat means you have an industry process which releases hot air or hot water and the temperature isn't super-hot It's a forty, fifty degrees Celsius above room temperature or something like that."
  },
  {
    "start": 673.56,
    "end": 679.46,
    "text": "And that is often too little to drive heat engine in the regular and classic way so-to speak."
  },
  {
    "start": 679.52,
    "end": 680.74,
    "text": "you don't get enough efficiency."
  },
  {
    "start": 681.46,
    "end": 687.28,
    "text": "but with the liquid crystal elastomer The key thing really where does that phase transition occur?"
  },
  {
    "start": 688.24,
    "end": 707.3,
    "text": "So if you make sure That You have the liquid crystals state at room temperature the one where it contracts, at level of waste heat temperature and that can be done by tuning chemistry."
  },
  {
    "start": 707.9,
    "end": 714.98,
    "text": "Then you in principle have a system that contracts and relaxes just by being exposed to this waste-heat."
  },
  {
    "start": 715.78,
    "end": 718.1,
    "text": "This contraction and relaxation."
  },
  {
    "start": 718.24,
    "end": 726.98,
    "text": "if you connect these pieces of rubber in smart way they then drive a generator which generates electricity for instance."
  },
  {
    "start": 729.04,
    "end": 740.38,
    "text": "Of course, another interesting way that we're exploring is to simply have temperature responsive motion."
  },
  {
    "start": 741.38,
    "end": 747.4,
    "text": "And a very interesting way I think it's to explore this in buildings."
  },
  {
    "start": 748.38,
    "end": 755.48,
    "text": "so many people who work with liquid crystal elastomers the scientific term for these types of artificial muscles."
  },
  {
    "start": 756.34,
    "end": 759.939,
    "text": "they often market them, so to speak as soft robots."
  },
  {
    "start": 760.76,
    "end": 769.66,
    "text": "But they're actually not that great for soft robots because they tend to be slow and They may not have the punch that you really need for a robot."
  },
  {
    "start": 769.72,
    "end": 788.56,
    "text": "there are maybe better alternatives with this but if imagine a building would like where it to adapt to temperature or light variations, for instance when the sun comes up a shading should block of windows."
  },
  {
    "start": 789.96,
    "end": 802.66,
    "text": "You don't need super fast response and there liquid crystal elastomer could actually be very useful in autonomously changing aspects of the building."
  },
  {
    "start": 802.72,
    "end": 818.14,
    "text": "For instance, rotating or shading a louver arrangement as it's architectural term is but making sure that you get shading over window and if design this in smart way You can do so...you don't need much force either."
  },
  {
    "start": 818.74,
    "end": 830.5,
    "text": "I can balance weights to make it very little torque needed But just push something in certain direction could be done with a liquid crystal elastomer."
  },
  {
    "start": 831.46,
    "end": 859.88,
    "text": "For all of us, it's less than normal."
  },
  {
    "start": 888.72,
    "end": 889.22,
    "text": "for some time."
  },
  {
    "start": 890.62,
    "end": 894.98,
    "text": "We were both postdocs, which means that you have this time-limited position."
  },
  {
    "start": 895.14,
    "end": 909.439,
    "text": "where or the situation... You've defended your PhD and are starting to become a bit independent but still part of our research group And you need get first job."
  },
  {
    "start": 909.68,
    "end": 910.64,
    "text": "My wife is Italian."
  },
  {
    "start": 910.78,
    "end": 922.28,
    "text": "She had found her position in Italy at an Italian Research Institute And we were both in Stuttgart at the time, and I had gotten my first position in Halle in Eastern Germany."
  },
  {
    "start": 924.52,
    "end": 936.72,
    "text": "So she was going to the area of Naples which is where she specifically worked as a reporter... ...and i went to Halle but we were cleaning out our apartment on Stuttgarth."
  },
  {
    "start": 939.26,
    "end": 956.38,
    "text": "During that week we stayed for few days with the guest house of Max Planck Institute And by chance, a Korean professor who visited the group she was working in... ...was staying at the same guest house."
  },
  {
    "start": 957.819,
    "end": 964.819,
    "text": "We met in the kitchen and he asked about us and we told him that I'm going to Halle."
  },
  {
    "start": 964.86,
    "end": 970.26,
    "text": "The US is going south of Italy so they don't know how it's gonna get our lives"
  },
  {
    "start": 970.3,
    "end": 970.579,
    "text": "together.\"."
  },
  {
    "start": 971.579,
    "end": 972.62,
    "text": "Then he said,\"Don't you want to come to"
  },
  {
    "start": 972.699,
    "end": 972.96,
    "text": "Korea?\"."
  },
  {
    "start": 974.64,
    "end": 976.84,
    "text": "And we were, of course completely baffled."
  },
  {
    "start": 977.079,
    "end": 984.18,
    "text": "We had absolutely zero expectation about that and had not planned to go to Asia or Korea anything."
  },
  {
    "start": 984.3,
    "end": 990.26,
    "text": "the main plan has been for me to try to find something in Germany Or maybe both of us in Sweden."
  },
  {
    "start": 992.699,
    "end": 995.6,
    "text": "But it took a while to understand he was actually serious."
  },
  {
    "start": 995.72,
    "end": 1003.4,
    "text": "It's time when Korea is making great efforts to attract foreign researchers."
  },
  {
    "start": 1004.76,
    "end": 1012.86,
    "text": "But then it turned out that, for us to find a position in Halle."
  },
  {
    "start": 1013.9,
    "end": 1020.74,
    "text": "And from me and Italy we both tried but wasn't really working very well... ...and eventually said why not?"
  },
  {
    "start": 1021.5,
    "end": 1022.0,
    "text": "Let's try it!"
  },
  {
    "start": 1023.1,
    "end": 1025.74,
    "text": "It took also awhile to get the positions."
  },
  {
    "start": 1025.839,
    "end": 1031.099,
    "text": "so one thing is to get that spontaneous offer at the kitchen.. ..but you have to convince some committees etc."
  },
  {
    "start": 1032.18,
    "end": 1033.22,
    "text": "But in the end, it worked out."
  },
  {
    "start": 1034.24,
    "end": 1036.839,
    "text": "It was absolutely not planned at all!"
  },
  {
    "start": 1044.94,
    "end": 1044.94,
    "text": "I"
  },
  {
    "start": 1050.6,
    "end": 1058.379,
    "text": "didn't believe because yesterday before we got a message that... ...we were on the reserve list."
  },
  {
    "start": 1060.06,
    "end": 1061.96,
    "text": "So it's the network grant."
  },
  {
    "start": 1064.379,
    "end": 1071.3,
    "text": "It was two collaborators, one in Cambridge and one in Lisbon And we had already been emailing then."
  },
  {
    "start": 1071.48,
    "end": 1073.46,
    "text": "okay so it didn't work out this time either."
  },
  {
    "start": 1074.879,
    "end": 1075.98,
    "text": "What should we try again?"
  },
  {
    "start": 1076.2,
    "end": 1079.0,
    "text": "We were already planning resubmission basically."
  },
  {
    "start": 1079.22,
    "end": 1080.82,
    "text": "Then I got this mail."
  },
  {
    "start": 1080.879,
    "end": 1089.8,
    "text": "that was weird because they didn't say you've gotten a grant Project is now ready for agreement."
  },
  {
    "start": 1090.24,
    "end": 1096.32,
    "text": "It was more like this kind of technical email, you know automatically sent and I was just completely confused."
  },
  {
    "start": 1096.4,
    "end": 1102.8,
    "text": "i had to write two Two uh one Of my research facilitators here at the university asked what does This mean?"
  },
  {
    "start": 1102.98,
    "end": 1104.72,
    "text": "And then she wrote back You got The grant."
  },
  {
    "start": 1107.12,
    "end": 1107.92,
    "text": "Well and Then we."
  },
  {
    "start": 1109.12,
    "end": 1114.06,
    "text": "I wrote immediately on whatsapp To the other two and they said Believe it or not but it worked out."
  },
  {
    "start": 1118.98,
    "end": 1131.28,
    "text": "There are"
  },
  {
    "start": 1137.68,
    "end": 1144.7,
    "text": "other challenges definitely related to this because when we met during our PhD, so research areas were fairly close."
  },
  {
    "start": 1145.48,
    "end": 1148.639,
    "text": "And that of course means there is competition and so on, right?"
  },
  {
    "start": 1150.06,
    "end": 1151.8,
    "text": "That can cause other difficulties."
  },
  {
    "start": 1151.879,
    "end": 1162.139,
    "text": "So it's a difficult balance between supporting each other and realizing you may be competing for the same position."
  },
  {
    "start": 1162.22,
    "end": 1168.28,
    "text": "unfortunately My father is also a physicist, but my mother was an artist."
  },
  {
    "start": 1168.639,
    "end": 1175.44,
    "text": "So they definitely were working in very different fields and They got along very well."
  },
  {
    "start": 1175.54,
    "end": 1182.04,
    "text": "actually I think It doesn't have to be A bad thing to work with different things."
  },
  {
    "start": 1182.16,
    "end": 1188.32,
    "text": "as long As you're open-minded And your curious about what the other does it may in some sense Be easier."
  },
  {
    "start": 1193.379,
    "end": 1204.86,
    "text": "But for all of them, DIV is the one who keeps him."
  },
  {
    "start": 1205.0,
    "end": 1205.62,
    "text": "Also from now"
  },
  {
    "start": 1207.0,
    "end": 1221.22,
    "text": "on I know that he's going to put me on a high place in the fresh air with me."
  },
  {
    "start": 1225.26,
    "end": 1229.26,
    "text": "Often, the most interesting is what everyone else's missing."
  },
  {
    "start": 1229.879,
    "end": 1242.72,
    "text": "There was a fantastic TED interview with Larry Page where he analyzes what companies that failed did wrong and essentially they missed their future."
  },
  {
    "start": 1243.62,
    "end": 1251.34,
    "text": "And his guideline or advice is look at how nobody else looks."
  },
  {
    "start": 1252.62,
    "end": 1257.24,
    "text": "And that's very much my way of life as well, to be honest and in research."
  },
  {
    "start": 1261.06,
    "end": 1262.16,
    "text": "Where is the low-hanging fruit?"
  },
  {
    "start": 1262.34,
    "end": 1263.66,
    "text": "nobody pays attention?"
  },
  {
    "start": 1263.7,
    "end": 1263.9,
    "text": "In short,"
  },
  {
    "start": 1264.12,
    "end": 1269.24,
    "text": "you can get a lot of inspiration from this topic."
  },
  {
    "start": 1269.66,
    "end": 1273.639,
    "text": "And then the third one is about it."
  },
  {
    "start": 1273.72,
    "end": 1294.66,
    "text": "You don't really see anything like that at the end of the day when you only hear Powerpoint all the time but in fact they are quite interesting."
  },
  {
    "start": 1295.94,
    "end": 1297.44,
    "text": "That's why I wanted to"
  },
  {
    "start": 1297.639,
    "end": 1297.68,
    "text": "do"
  },
  {
    "start": 1298.94,
    "end": 1320.86,
    "text": "a short podcast on my stage where there was a deep dive into the subject and you just didn't know for sure that it would be a bit higher."
  },
  {
    "start": 1320.98,
    "end": 1321.0,
    "text": "At"
  },
  {
    "start": 1321.2,
    "end": 1321.32,
    "text": "last!"
  },
  {
    "start": 1322.2,
    "end": 1325.46,
    "text": "Now Ted has become fairly, almost mainstream."
  },
  {
    "start": 1326.04,
    "end": 1329.639,
    "text": "People know it so much that people make jokes about it."
  },
  {
    "start": 1329.94,
    "end": 1334.66,
    "text": "and did you see the Ralph Breaks The Internet movie?"
  },
  {
    "start": 1335.58,
    "end": 1342.379,
    "text": "There is a joke where one of the bad guys says, I saw it on a TED Talk once and so... ...I don't remember what he was about."
  },
  {
    "start": 1346.52,
    "end": 1360.32,
    "text": "The whole concept has maybe gone over-the top to some extent but when I was in Korea definitely not new But many people didn't know that much What It Was."
  },
  {
    "start": 1361.36,
    "end": 1380.4,
    "text": "When I encountered it there were few years before I was really blown away by this concept of having experts who are also extremely motivated talk about what they do and whatever it is, research art business right?"
  },
  {
    "start": 1380.48,
    "end": 1382.36,
    "text": "It covers all fields of life."
  },
  {
    "start": 1383.18,
    "end": 1389.92,
    "text": "And in a way that other people understand it and in the short format... ...I thought this was great platform!"
  },
  {
    "start": 1391.02,
    "end": 1405.02,
    "text": "Then when they launched TEDx format Then me and one of my nowadays key collaborators who was also in Korea at the time, Matthew Schwartz is an American researcher."
  },
  {
    "start": 1405.46,
    "end": 1406.9,
    "text": "And artists and architect."
  },
  {
    "start": 1406.96,
    "end": 1411.32,
    "text": "actually we We're on a hike."
  },
  {
    "start": 1412.0,
    "end": 1419.78,
    "text": "In Korea, people like hiking and they have a lot of nice forests... ...and we were together with the department where you are on a hike."
  },
  {
    "start": 1420.54,
    "end": 1429.7,
    "text": "And when talking about this, working in an interdisciplinary department,... ..we thought why don't we organize a TEDx event to bring different disciplines together?"
  },
  {
    "start": 1431.28,
    "end": 1433.62,
    "text": "To showcase it to general public distance"
  },
  {
    "start": 1433.82,
    "end": 1433.86,
    "text": "etc.?"
  },
  {
    "start": 1435.98,
    "end": 1437.639,
    "text": "That was basically how that started!"
  },
  {
    "start": 1438.82,
    "end": 1441.62,
    "text": "and we then pushed this forward."
  },
  {
    "start": 1441.96,
    "end": 1445.94,
    "text": "We learned a lot in the process, some of the mistakes were there."
  },
  {
    "start": 1446.08,
    "end": 1452.3,
    "text": "I tried not to redo when that came to Luxembourg And i still like the format very much."
  },
  {
    "start": 1454.36,
    "end": 1463.06,
    "text": "Maybe what don't like so much is That it's...I noticed people put in their CV TEDx speaker Ted Speaker."
  },
  {
    "start": 1463.879,
    "end": 1469.139,
    "text": "To be honest for me label anyone."
  },
  {
    "start": 1469.92,
    "end": 1480.82,
    "text": "I mean, I haven't given a TED Talk or a TEDx talk but... ...I wouldn't label myself as a TEDX speaker and that the fact this is happening somehow degrading the whole concept."
  },
  {
    "start": 1480.9,
    "end": 1486.22,
    "text": "to be honest it has become A means-to an end right?"
  },
  {
    "start": 1487.06,
    "end": 1499.92,
    "text": "It was platform for people reaching out to general audience in great way And now more of them just want on stage is the wrong approach in my opinion."
  },
  {
    "start": 1500.5,
    "end": 1502.34,
    "text": "Why didn't it take you to this stage?"
  },
  {
    "start": 1502.639,
    "end": 1504.06,
    "text": "Well, somebody has to invite me."
  },
  {
    "start": 1504.18,
    "end": 1505.84,
    "text": "who organizes an event?"
  },
  {
    "start": 1506.639,
    "end": 1508.22,
    "text": "and so far that didn't happen"
  },
  {
    "start": 1523.44,
    "end": 1534.04,
    "text": "but I don't know..."
  },
  {
    "start": 1535.76,
    "end": 1538.0,
    "text": "It's important for them, it is important to me."
  },
  {
    "start": 1538.56,
    "end": 1542.139,
    "text": "To address the core problem right?"
  },
  {
    "start": 1542.639,
    "end": 1563.02,
    "text": "I think... ...I see too much in our society today that its about surface and appearing as if you are fixing things And at the end You run into a panic because you don't really understand what you're doing."
  },
  {
    "start": 1563.22,
    "end": 1570.96,
    "text": "and getting things done is also little bit about understanding the problem wanting to understand the problem."
  },
  {
    "start": 1571.98,
    "end": 1574.94,
    "text": "And uh, Doing what it means too?"
  },
  {
    "start": 1576.1,
    "end": 1577.7,
    "text": "What is necessary to do it."
  },
  {
    "start": 1578.44,
    "end": 1591.0,
    "text": "and one of the most important thing there is actually asking when you Don't understand or when you need more knowledge this fake-it to you make it attitude."
  },
  {
    "start": 1591.16,
    "end": 1594.2,
    "text": "I really don't like it, i think its destructive for everyone."
  },
  {
    "start": 1594.24,
    "end": 1609.92,
    "text": "to be honest and one of the worst things is that people then often like to appear as if they understand things And It's gotten much worse with AI because AI often looks good and so on right?"
  },
  {
    "start": 1610.12,
    "end": 1630.32,
    "text": "You can Make it appear As If you Understand Things And then maybe if I as a supervisor don't realize that there's something they haven't understood, um...I may not even have the opportunity to address their problem."
  },
  {
    "start": 1630.4,
    "end": 1630.58,
    "text": "Right?"
  },
  {
    "start": 1631.52,
    "end": 1638.32,
    "text": "Therefore being open about things that they don't understand is most efficient way for me helping."
  },
  {
    "start": 1639.1,
    "end": 1655.74,
    "text": "and of course also I mean, the fundamental attitude getting things done is if you have this attitude it helps me to focus on helping with that instead of explaining every step of the way."
  },
  {
    "start": 1656.58,
    "end": 1659.58,
    "text": "It's also a little bit more of an autonomous attitude right?"
  },
  {
    "start": 1659.92,
    "end": 1673.26,
    "text": "So... If you have The Getting Things Done Attitude means okay we define what is the problem and then they work independently pitch in whenever necessary."
  },
  {
    "start": 1673.72,
    "end": 1680.139,
    "text": "If you don't have it, okay I have to say do this first and then that... And so on."
  },
  {
    "start": 1680.72,
    "end": 1681.44,
    "text": "It gets boring!"
  },
  {
    "start": 1681.94,
    "end": 1684.96,
    "text": "Its not very efficient..and its actually boring for everyone right?"
  },
  {
    "start": 1685.28,
    "end": 1690.78,
    "text": "So ummm....it's much more rewarding if every one has an attitude."
  },
  {
    "start": 1692.2,
    "end": 1699.58,
    "text": "again the curiosity comes back because i think getting things done attitude is somehow born into a curiosity."
  },
  {
    "start": 1700.5,
    "end": 1705.76,
    "text": "If you're curious about something, You also want to address a problem when it occurs."
  },
  {
    "start": 1715.52,
    "end": 1719.68,
    "text": "Good, I"
  },
  {
    "start": 1729.58,
    "end": 1736.4,
    "text": "think especially my growth when i grew up in the seventies eighties was even better than it is today."
  },
  {
    "start": 1736.44,
    "end": 1737.12,
    "text": "In many respects."
  },
  {
    "start": 1739.28,
    "end": 1743.4,
    "text": "um...I did spend a year in the states between eleven and twelve years old."
  },
  {
    "start": 1746.36,
    "end": 1760.26,
    "text": "but uh Sweden is a country that especially at me during my young time focused on education for the public, actually."
  },
  {
    "start": 1761.1,
    "end": 1765.6,
    "text": "That really everyone should understand."
  },
  {
    "start": 1765.639,
    "end": 1767.94,
    "text": "there's a Swedish world called all men building."
  },
  {
    "start": 1768.0,
    "end": 1780.78,
    "text": "I don't know exactly how to translate that but you're really want to make people understand and on national level so-to speak right?"
  },
  {
    "start": 1781.34,
    "end": 1790.02,
    "text": "So they were a lot of programs on TV not just kids, but also grown-ups and so on."
  },
  {
    "start": 1790.139,
    "end": 1804.08,
    "text": "And I think that was a very healthy thing... ...and i'm lacking it today in general because there's too much ignorance to do something about that."
  },
  {
    "start": 1804.58,
    "end": 1820.66,
    "text": "when people are on vacation they stop at the rest stop on their highway They open the car window and they just drop out the trash, leave it there."
  },
  {
    "start": 1821.06,
    "end": 1825.22,
    "text": "And this type of attitude is sad... Very very sad!"
  },
  {
    "start": 1826.44,
    "end": 1833.74,
    "text": "Maybe also that's a certain aspect of Sweden A certain collective feeling."
  },
  {
    "start": 1834.04,
    "end": 1836.78,
    "text": "at least It was Again."
  },
  {
    "start": 1836.9,
    "end": 1838.32,
    "text": "I think that has changed a little bit."
  },
  {
    "start": 1838.78,
    "end": 1840.46,
    "text": "What does one send?"
  },
  {
    "start": 1840.78,
    "end": 1842.82,
    "text": "That brings you back to your childhood Black"
  },
  {
    "start": 1842.9,
    "end": 1843.26,
    "text": "current"
  },
  {
    "start": 1843.96,
    "end": 1844.16,
    "text": "Okay."
  },
  {
    "start": 1845.4,
    "end": 1853.54,
    "text": "My favorite breakfast was where we were living in a house with the garden that went directly into the forest, my father still lives there."
  },
  {
    "start": 1853.58,
    "end": 1859.44,
    "text": "it's a beautiful house and We had quite a lot of bushes and trees so on with fruit."
  },
  {
    "start": 1859.82,
    "end": 1875.66,
    "text": "And then this summer we have black currant bushes fermented milk with blackcurrant and maybe a little bit of muesli or something like that."
  },
  {
    "start": 1876.58,
    "end": 1877.639,
    "text": "Typical summer thing."
  },
  {
    "start": 1878.22,
    "end": 1880.48,
    "text": "You played in the pop band, you're from Sweden?"
  },
  {
    "start": 1880.92,
    "end": 1883.02,
    "text": "I have to ask was it an other coverband?"
  },
  {
    "start": 1883.46,
    "end": 1886.82,
    "text": "No We almost never play covers."
  },
  {
    "start": 1887.18,
    "end": 1901.76,
    "text": "we did for a little while For getting gigs but we generally played our own stuff And it was a mix of things throughout life."
  },
  {
    "start": 1901.92,
    "end": 1907.84,
    "text": "I have gone interdisciplinary and that was also in music, so my house god at the time was Prince."
  },
  {
    "start": 1909.1,
    "end": 1926.26,
    "text": "Also some Swedish musicians That were little bit into direction but The two guitarists from band they Were hard rockers So ACDC One guy was very much into Kiss, that wasn't the other one."
  },
  {
    "start": 1926.3,
    "end": 1938.0,
    "text": "The others were more Van Halen and so on... So it's a bit of a mix of pop rock somewhere in this"
  },
  {
    "start": 1938.32,
    "end": 1938.58,
    "text": "range."
  },
  {
    "start": 1938.66,
    "end": 1944.1,
    "text": "When Indiana knew him well enough he might have had the chance to go for his own sound tradition."
  },
  {
    "start": 1945.1,
    "end": 1947.02,
    "text": "Here you can see Krushterskarten."
  },
  {
    "start": 1947.74,
    "end": 1950.28,
    "text": "But not Eisenpalsch-Krushterskarten?"
  },
  {
    "start": 1950.46,
    "end": 1950.66,
    "text": "No no!"
  },
  {
    "start": 1951.6,
    "end": 1953.52,
    "text": "All year and with a new science look."
  },
  {
    "start": 1965.36,
    "end": 1979.76,
    "text": "With the world around us!"
  },
  {
    "start": 1980.86,
    "end": 1981.8,
    "text": "tradition, so to speak."
  },
  {
    "start": 1982.58,
    "end": 1988.84,
    "text": "And we're meaning that in the maybe around September or October something like that?"
  },
  {
    "start": 1988.94,
    "end": 1998.4,
    "text": "We start reminding people that people can submit nominate pictures and some for their Christmas card."
  },
  {
    "start": 1999.28,
    "end": 2000.46,
    "text": "Then there is a guy called Larry."
  },
  {
    "start": 2001.92,
    "end": 2010.82,
    "text": "he's very graphically gifted who was doing his PhD with me first then has been away from for a postdoc in the Netherlands, and now he's actually a post-doc again."
  },
  {
    "start": 2010.879,
    "end": 2013.62,
    "text": "He won a Marie Curie award so here is back there!"
  },
  {
    "start": 2014.52,
    "end": 2030.78,
    "text": "And this one always makes the design with his fancy handwriting... ...and often also handles the overall graphical design to make the card and so on because it made our group logo."
  },
  {
    "start": 2031.0,
    "end": 2031.48,
    "text": "Thanks Larry!"
  },
  {
    "start": 2035.24,
    "end": 2037.2,
    "text": "So you're into showbiz a little."
  },
  {
    "start": 2037.44,
    "end": 2047.76,
    "text": "Just saying in the show business, keep your talent happy and just keeping it happy is this same thing as leader of project group?"
  },
  {
    "start": 2048.88,
    "end": 2060.259,
    "text": "Or do think there are different rules that have to follow for teammates to perform their way they should or want them."
  },
  {
    "start": 2061.32,
    "end": 2062.159,
    "text": "Yeah, it's a pretty good rule."
  },
  {
    "start": 2062.239,
    "end": 2070.739,
    "text": "I never thought of that actually to be honest but of course... It is a good thought and i would say definitely it applies."
  },
  {
    "start": 2071.82,
    "end": 2073.639,
    "text": "happy researchers are good researchers."
  },
  {
    "start": 2074.5,
    "end": 2080.679,
    "text": "sad researchers Are not good performers so whatever can do keep people happy?"
  },
  {
    "start": 2083.84,
    "end": 2086.179,
    "text": "So for sure That is very important."
  },
  {
    "start": 2086.4,
    "end": 2088.78,
    "text": "Can you give an example on how keeping researchers happy?"
  },
  {
    "start": 2089.139,
    "end": 2093.3,
    "text": "Trying to encourage them, of course when they get nice results."
  },
  {
    "start": 2094.32,
    "end": 2099.12,
    "text": "Giving them the opportunity to travel... ...to see conferences and so on."
  },
  {
    "start": 2100.78,
    "end": 2105.14,
    "text": "giving them good facilities and equipment for doing their research."
  },
  {
    "start": 2106.24,
    "end": 2108.56,
    "text": "trying to share my enthusiasm for things."
  },
  {
    "start": 2109.06,
    "end": 2111.96,
    "text": "Trying give as much as possible a big picture."
  },
  {
    "start": 2112.9,
    "end": 2117.14,
    "text": "I do try make people think about what they're going to do next."
  },
  {
    "start": 2118.259,
    "end": 2134.5,
    "text": "And for instance, most PhD students in my group eventually plan on going into industry and so I try also to connect with them as much as possible."
  },
  {
    "start": 2137.94,
    "end": 2143.18,
    "text": "We do a group retreat every year at least or try to, I mean around the pandemic."
  },
  {
    "start": 2143.24,
    "end": 2145.38,
    "text": "everything broke down with traditions and so on right?"
  },
  {
    "start": 2145.72,
    "end": 2150.94,
    "text": "And there's still a bit shaky after that but now we're on track at least."
  },
  {
    "start": 2150.98,
    "end": 2158.7,
    "text": "So... That is very nice opportunity for getting everyone."
  },
  {
    "start": 2159.64,
    "end": 2168.24,
    "text": "I also try to have transparent communication that people know what the others are doing."
  },
  {
    "start": 2169.2,
    "end": 2187.64,
    "text": "That's important as well, they feel part of a team and this is challenging in research sometimes because you often work for the same goal is by definition working for their own thesis."
  },
  {
    "start": 2187.72,
    "end": 2191.04,
    "text": "Of course, they are collaborating on papers and so on right?"
  },
  {
    "start": 2191.08,
    "end": 2194.78,
    "text": "But at the end... They have to produce a thesis where they're only authors."
  },
  {
    "start": 2195.62,
    "end": 2204.42,
    "text": "A postdoc can also be part of team but same time there's a springboard to get position somewhere."
  },
  {
    "start": 2209.8,
    "end": 2219.54,
    "text": "There isn't much more competition between individual aspects in a research group than there may be an industry project I think."
  },
  {
    "start": 2220.4,
    "end": 2225.22,
    "text": "But still, i try to make it as good team spirit that can."
  },
  {
    "start": 2225.64,
    "end": 2227.56,
    "text": "Why haven't you gone into the industry?"
  },
  {
    "start": 2228.0,
    "end": 2246.24,
    "text": "I was considering during my PhD and did internship at Azure Lab which is a research lab for Swiss watch industry in a shuttling Switzerland, which I liked very much actually."
  },
  {
    "start": 2247.8,
    "end": 2268.259,
    "text": "And during my PhD i had my down period as every phd student does and i was thinking now i don't want to stay in academia but then in the end i had a mentor who also he had been in industry quite a lot and he said well what you're describing is bad things about academia ,i can tell."
  },
  {
    "start": 2271.98,
    "end": 2280.9,
    "text": "And then in the end, the PhD work worked out okay and I got excited about the post-hocwork."
  },
  {
    "start": 2284.74,
    "end": 2308.04,
    "text": "But I like working with industry... ...I have created a company looking forward to seeing That and other companies grow, so I definitely am interested in industrial research."
  },
  {
    "start": 2308.44,
    "end": 2312.4,
    "text": "And companies that solve a real problem... ...I like it!"
  },
  {
    "start": 2319.2,
    "end": 2320.02,
    "text": "Stay curious?"
  },
  {
    "start": 2320.98,
    "end": 2322.84,
    "text": "That's definitely good advice."
  },
  {
    "start": 2329.36,
    "end": 2334.5,
    "text": "Yeah, I mean one has to find somehow Find this balance between."
  },
  {
    "start": 2334.56,
    "end": 2335.22,
    "text": "there are all these."
  },
  {
    "start": 2335.66,
    "end": 2336.44,
    "text": "follow your passion."
  },
  {
    "start": 2336.54,
    "end": 2342.52,
    "text": "Follow your heart and so on And at the same time you can hear people say This is the worst advice You Can have."
  },
  {
    "start": 2342.6,
    "end": 2346.259,
    "text": "right but There Has To Be a Balance Between Doing What?"
  },
  {
    "start": 2346.32,
    "end": 2354.4,
    "text": "You Love and and and doing Something That Works in The Long Run."
  },
  {
    "start": 2357.82,
    "end": 2364.54,
    "text": "I think Steve Jobs commencement talk for Stanford is one of the best career advice i've ever seen."
  },
  {
    "start": 2365.6,
    "end": 2373.6,
    "text": "It's,I think it's an amazing talk and that's worth listening to anyone who was worried about what they're gonna do with in life."
  },
  {
    "start": 2374.74,
    "end": 2378.62,
    "text": "but yeah enjoy life!"
  },
  {
    "start": 2378.74,
    "end": 2385.8,
    "text": "That number-one try to follow your own way."
  },
  {
    "start": 2386.16,
    "end": 2388.22,
    "text": "That"
  },
  {
    "start": 2388.259,
    "end": 2389.9,
    "text": "was it from Mein Element."
  },
  {
    "start": 2389.98,
    "end": 2392.68,
    "text": "Subscribe, share and like the podcast!"
  },
  {
    "start": 2392.8,
    "end": 2399.62,
    "text": "If you haven't read enough of my research yet, then go to the last episode of My Element."
  },
  {
    "start": 2399.66,
    "end": 2405.14,
    "text": "I'm Christian Schildz with Discalculation on how to solve this problem."
  },
  {
    "start": 2405.18,
    "end": 2407.5,
    "text": "There are more topics that we need to talk about later."
  },
  {
    "start": 2407.54,
    "end": 2409.12,
    "text": "You can start by scrolling through your feed."
  },
  {
    "start": 2409.24,
    "end": 2410.42,
    "text": "Click there for more information."
  },
  {
    "start": 2410.74,
    "end": 2412.58,
    "text": "Until next time, ciao!"
  }
]